Day
2
“But you, O Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are too little to be among the clans of Judah,
from you shall come forth for me one who is to be ruler in Israel, whose coming forth is from of old, from ancient days.
Therefore he shall give them up until the time when she who is in labor has given birth;
then the rest of his brothers shall return to the people of Israel.
And he shall stand and shepherd his flock in the strength of the Lord, in the majesty of the
name of the Lord his God. And they shall dwell secure, for now he shall be great to the ends of the earth.
And he shall be their peace. When the Assyrian comes into our land and treads in our palaces,
then we will raise against him seven shepherds and eight princes of men;
they shall shepherd the land of Assyria with the sword, and the land of Nimrod at its entrances; and he shall deliver us from the Assyrian when he comes into our land and treads within our border.”
Micah 5:2-6
I was a kid in the late 80s through the 90s, when insults were words of affection. It’s just how we talked to each other back then. You’re probably thinking, “That must have been traumatic.” Not really. Trauma hadn’t been invented yet. Back then if you cried, your parents told you to stop or they’d “give you something to cry about.” Phrases like, “My house, my rules,” “Your mom…,”and “I know you are, but what am I?” were commonplace. A day seldom went by without getting called, “dill weed,” “doofus,” or usually worse (those words are cancelled now and can’t be included here).
My childhood was great. We played outside and rode our bikes all over the neighborhood. My parents had no idea where I was, and they wouldn’t be concerned unless I didn’t return at dark. We were good kids, wearing the best Kohl's had to offer, and saying things that would earn a mouthful of Irish Spring if mom ever caught us. And the best part? Nobody took it seriously. It was perfect. Consequently, no one from my generation knows how to take a compliment, but that’s a small price to pay.
Knowing when or where someone grew up tells you a lot about a person. Knowing when and where the biblical authors are writing tells you a lot too. “Context is king” as they say. This is especially true when reading the Old Testament prophets. We tend to think of them as predicting the future, but their primary job was to inform the king what God thinks about their current circumstances. Some prophets were close to the king, like Nathan who confronted David about Bathsheba. Some were outsiders, like Amos who was just a farmer that saw the
Babylonian army as God’s judgment for Israel’s idolatry. Then there were the false prophets who were typically the only ones with “good” things to say because they just told the king what he wanted to hear.
Micah wrote at a time when Assyria had conquered Israel and begun to set their sights on Judah. Much of his writing is centered on Judah’s impending doom, but sandwiched in the middle is a message of hope.
Micah 5:2-6
“But you, O Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are too little to be among the clans of Judah,
from you shall come forth for me one who is to be ruler in Israel, whose coming forth is from of old, from ancient days.
Therefore he shall give them up until the time when she who is in labor has given birth;
then the rest of his brothers shall return to the people of Israel.
And he shall stand and shepherd his flock in the strength of the Lord, in the majesty of the
name of the Lord his God. And they shall dwell secure, for now he shall be great to the ends of the earth.
And he shall be their peace. When the Assyrian comes into our land and treads in our palaces,
then we will raise against him seven shepherds and eight princes of men;
they shall shepherd the land of Assyria with the sword, and the land of Nimrod at its entrances; and he shall deliver us from the Assyrian when he comes into our land and treads within our border.”
We’re so used to this passage being tied to Jesus that it’s hard to sever ourselves from the idea and see it from Micah’s original perspective. Yes, he’s referring to a promised Messiah here, but salvation from sins couldn’t be further from his mind. Micah is reminding King Hezekiah that although the situation is bleak, God will bring about another ruler to deliver them from the Assyrians. To Micah, the Messiah means freedom from tangible, physical oppression. He says this ruler will come from Bethlehem, that the rest of his brothers shall return to the people of Israel, that he’ll shepherd his flock in strength. I bet you’re smart enough to think of someone else in the Bible who was from Bethlehem, was regarded as “too little,” had brothers, and was a shepherd. Micah is piling on imagery from King David to encourage the rest of Judah that yes, even though times are tough, a warrior is coming to restore God’s Kingdom! A new king is coming that will slay the giant and take back what is rightfully theirs.
Now let’s add Jesus back into the mix. Matthew, a Jew, intimately familiar with Old Testament stories, and only about 400 years removed from said Assyrian invasion, uses Micah 5:2 when telling us about the birth of Jesus.
Matthew 2:1-6
Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the east came to Jerusalem, saying, “Where is he who has been born king of the Jews? For we saw his star when it rose and have come to worship him.” When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him; and assembling all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he inquired of them where the Christ was to be born. They told him, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for so it is written by the prophet: ‘And you, O Bethlehem, in the land of Judah, are by no means least among the rulers of Judah; for from you shall come a ruler who will shepherd my people Israel.’”
Notice three things:
1. Matthew changes some of the words. He changes “who are too little to be among the clans of Judah” to “are by no means least among the rulers of Judah” to emphasize that there’s something special about Jesus. Next he changes a quote from "you shall come forth for me one who is to be ruler in Israel” to “for from you shall come a ruler who will shepherd my people Israel.” The ruler won’t be a warrior like Micah thought. This ruler would be a shepherd.
2. Matthew uses the chief priests and scribes to quote Micah’s words to Herod, a power hungry politician who became troubled at the thought of relinquishing his kingship to another.
3. Herod wasn’t the only one troubled, but “all Jerusalem with him,” foreshadowing Jerusalem’s ultimate rejection of the “King of the Jews.” The people for whom Christ came to bring eternal peace were troubled by his arrival.
A new King has come. He didn’t come with excessive force or boisterous rhetoric. He didn’t come to kick butt and take names. He came with humility, compassion, and a heart for the hurting. So, when our own thrones are threatened this Christmas, we would be wise to willingly relinquish power to Jesus.
O holy Child of Bethlehem, descend to us, we pray;
cast out our sin and enter in; be born in us today.
Zach Orr
